Kin selection in interactions between gametes: Gamete competition, gamete limitation, and sex allocation

Kin selection on one hand, and gamete interactions in post-ejaculatory sexual the other are two major research themes that have risen to prominence over past half century simultaneously developed into central fields of evolutionary biology. There is a natural connection between two: when gametes interact with each other, very commonly many them originate from same parent thus siblings. For example, sperm competition will almost always involve sibling even if interacting parents not related other. If relatedness increases further. Here we discuss relation kin competition, limitation, local evolution sex allocation To illustrate these topics, present novel model simultaneous hermaphrodites under limitation limited, costly dispersal. We find can significantly increase male function, but limited dispersal (and increased relatedness) does alter regardless presence limitation.